INTRODUCTION. 11

and are scattered over the south and west. He had two sons in the war of the Revolution, -- Edward and Daniel. He has a grandson, Joseph, living on the top of Rich Mountain, in West Virginia, 1874, who is over seventy-six years of age, whose farm was a part of the battle-field in the late war, who, with his family, were loyal to our flag, and who had five sons in the Union army. His long letter, of eleven pages foolscap, is before me, full of the same kind of patriotism that moved his grandfather, honest John Hart, the signer of the Declaration of American Independence. He represents the view from the top of Rich Mountain as beautiful beyond all description. H. S. Hart, of Circleville, Kansas, is a great-grandson of John, the signer of the Declaration.

Joel T. Hart, an American sculptor, was born in Clark Co., Ky., about 18lO; he was of humble parentage, and while a boy, found employment in building chimneys, and other kinds of mason work. His education was restricted to a quarter's scboohing, but he became an indefatigable reader of such books as came within his reach, spending his evenings over them by the light of a wood fire. In 1830, he entered a stone cutter's establishment in Lexington. By degrees, he was induced to attempt modeling busts in clay, and succeeded in obtaining good likenesses of many influential persons in Lexington, and elsewhere in the West. Among others, Gen. Jackson and Cassius M. Clay sat to him, and the latter gave him his first commission for a bust in marble. The work, when completeted, proved so satisfactory, that the artist was commissioned by the Ladies' Clay Association of Virginia, to execute a marble statue of Henry Clay. He commenced his model from the life, in 1846, and after three years labor upon it, shipped it to Italy, to be executed in marble. He reached Florence in the latter part of 1849, and after waiting a whole year for the arrival of his model, which had been lost by shipwreck in the Bay of Biscay, was obliged to send to Lexington for a duplicate. This, and other delays, protracted the completion of the work for several years, and it was not until the 29th of August, 1859, that the statue was shipped for the United States. In the interim Mr. Hart had executed many busts of eminent men, and some ideal works. He is now engaged upon a colossal statue of Henry Clay, for the city of New Orleans.

Solomon Alexander Hart, an English painter of history, was born in Plymouth, April, 1806. He commenced his career by painting miniatures, but in 1828, turned his attention to historical subjects, and at once achieved a reputation by painting some scenes from the Jewish ceremonial, which his Jewish Origin enabled him to treat con amore. He next painted scenes from Scott and Shakespeare, and the romantic episodes of history; and again, between 1845-50, recurred to Jewish